Category Archives: News

Library of Congress format recommendations

The Library of Congress has issued a set of recommendations for formats for both physical and digital documents. The LoC’s digital preservation blog has an interview with Ted Westervelt of the LoC on their development. They’re not just for the library’s own staff, he explains, but for “all stakeholders in the creative process.”

The guidelines repeatedly state: “Files must contain no measures that control access to or use of the digital work (such as digital rights management or encryption).” That’s pushback that can’t be ignored. In some cases, though, the message is mixed. For theatrically released films, standard or recordable Blu-Ray is accepted, but the boilerplate against DRM is included. I don’t know where they expect to get DRM-free Blu-Ray, but DRM-free options are few when it comes to big-name movies.

It’s also interesting that software, specifically games and learning materials, is included. This has been a growing area of interest in recent years. Rather than relying on emulation, the recommendations call for source code, documentation, and a specification of the exact compiler used to build the application.

There’s material here to fuel constructive debate and expansion for years.

Update on JHOVE

I’ve updated the UTF-8 module in the JHOVE source on Github to include the new code blocks for Unicode 7.0.0. Also, I’ve recently fixed the pom.xml file so it will put both the command line and the GUI JAR files into the local repository.

I need more input before I’m comfortable with creating a release 1.12 of JHOVE. I don’t have any prior experience with creating a public, open-source project that’s built with Maven, and I don’t know how much of the baggage of the SourceForge project really needs to be kept. There are some specialty JARs in the old project, but I don’t know if anyone uses them. Most importantly, there still needs to be a distribution in Zip and Tar formats. New features would be interesting, but the first thing is to make a JHOVE that was as useful as it was before.

Comments, suggestions, and code contributions are welcome, as always.

New blocks in Unicode 7

Unicode 7.0.0 has been released, with 2.834 new character codes. It’s been fascinating looking into some of the blocks that have been added; here’s a sampling.

Bassa Vah is a really obscure script from what is now Liberia, possibly predating the country. Old Permic is supposed to be a close relative of Cyrillic, but any visual resemblance is lost on me.

Some of the writing systems came from a religious impulse. Mende Kikakui was devised by an Islamic scholar and was once widely used for the Mende language in Africa. It’s been mostly displaced by the Latin alphabet. Shong Lue Yang introduced the Pahawh Hmong writing system for the Hmong language in southeast Asia, claiming to have received it from God. Pau Cin Hau, named after its creator, was a 20th century system used for religious writings in Burma. Its original version had over a thousand characters, but the Unicode block is based on the 57-character alphabetic system. The Manichaean alphabet is fascinating just because of its name, recalling the conflicts in early Christianity. According to tradition, Mani, the founder of Manichaeanism, created the alphabet.

Finally, one of the oldest writing systems in the world, Linear A, is new in Unicode 7. It’s from ancient Crete, and no one knows how to read its texts. Now you can create computer documents in it, if you’re a scholar of old languages or just like confusing people.

Still no Klingon, though.

Now the JHOVE UTF-8 module needs to be updated for all these new blocks.

Mavenized JHOVE

I’m not a Maven maven, but more of a Maven klutz. Nonetheless, I’ve managed to push a Mavenized version of JHOVE to Github that compiles for me. I haven’t tried to do anything beyond compiling. If anyone would like to help clean it up, please do.

This kills the continuity of file histories which Andy worked so hard to preserve, since Maven has its own ideas of where files should be. The histories are available under the deleted files in their old locations, if you look at the original commit.

JHOVE, continued

There’s been enough encouragement in email and Twitter to my proposal to move JHOVE to Github that I’ll be going ahead with it. Andy Jackson has told me he has some almost-finished work to migrate the CVS history along with the project, so I’m waiting on that for the present. Watch this space for more news.

FITS website

Last spring, I attended a Hackathon at the University of Leeds, which resulted in my getting a SPRUCE Grant for a month’s work enhancing FITS, a tool which at the time was technically open source but which the Harvard Library treated a bit possessively. After I finished, it seemed for a while that nothing was happening with my work, but it was just a matter of being patient enough. Collaboration between Harvard and the Open Planets Foundation has resulted in a more genuinely open FITS, which now has its own website. There’s also a GitHub repository with five contributors, none of which are me since my work was on an earlier repository that was incorporated into this one.

It really makes me happy to see my work reach this kind of fruition, even if I’m so busy on other things now that I don’t have time to participate.

The FITS Blitz

Back in May, after an enjoyable trip to the University of Leeds, I worked for a month on improving the Harvard Library’s FITS tool for combining the results of several file format identification and validation tools. The results were well received and the Harvard Library incorporated some of my work in the main line of FITS. Still, there were a lot of loose ends left and more work to be done.

Things are picking up again with a “FITS Blitz” that’s starting this week. Paul Wheatley writes that “in partnership with Harvard and the Open Planets Foundation (with support from Creative Pragmatics), SPRUCE is supporting a two week project to get the technical infrastructure in place to make FITS genuinely maintainable by the community. ‘FITS Blitz’ will merge the existing code branches and establish a comprehensive testing setup so that further code developments only find their way in when there is confidence that other bits of functionality haven’t been damaged by the changes.”

I’ve moved on to other things, so I won’t be able to participate, but I wish them every success.

JHOVE 1.11

JHOVE 1.11 is now available at

Thanks to Maurice de Rooij for helping to debug the Windows batch files.

JHOVE 1.11a1

In spite of my new job, I’m finding some time to work on JHOVE. Version 1.11a1 is now available for testing. Please give it a try and let me know of any problems.

JHOVE 1.10

JHOVE 1.10 is now available for downloading. It’s the same as 1.10B3 except for the version numbering. The Javadoc has been brought up to date.

I haven’t included the MD5 files, since SourceForge provides MD5’s. If you still want them, let me know.